DATA TYPES IN PYTHON
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Data types in python
There are many data types are in python but
in proper way there is just 5 data types and these are also divided in sub data
types.
1) numeric datatype
2) string datatype
3) list datatype
4) tuple datatype
5) dictionary datatype
These are I think you studied, but here today
we will learn about these datatype in full detail.
Let us start
First i.e
I.Numeric datatype -it contains number like integer, octal, hexadecimal
and complex numbers.
So now understand one by one
1.integer means the numbers between 1 to
infinity postivie numbers.
2.octal number which is denoted by 0o10 here
first digit is zero and second is O represent octal and then your number.
It's base is 8.
If you convert any number into octal number
then understand by giving examples:
a=10
b=oct.(a)
print(b)
Similarly you can input any number and use
oct() function to convert into octal number.
3.hexadecimal number -its base is 16
It is represented by Oxa
Here First digit is zero then second digit is
x represent hexadecimal and then your number and here a is for 10 (Ascii
value).
A=10
B=hex.(A)
print(B)
4.complex number-which contains real and
imaginary number. Example
A=4+5j
Here j represent imaginary.
To print real and imaginary part
separately.
Example:
A=5+6j
print(A.real(), A. imag())
5.float-the number which contains decimal
part also.
Example:
A=35.0
B=56.7
These are float numbers, if you use float()
function in your program then float() function convert into that number in also
decimal.
7.eval=the number which contain fraction or
positive or negative number.
You can use eval() function in program if the
number would be negative or positive.
Now we will talk about
II.String datatype:
String is a sequential datatype which is
contain inside the single or double or triple quotes.
It is immutable datatype it mean it is not
changeable.
Let us understand,
A="This is python "
B='it is food
C=''' They are good'''
All these are string
Operations on string using function
· str.join() it
joins two string
Example:
A="ABC"
B="Sumit"
print(A.join(B))
Output:
SABC u ABC m ABC i ABC t ABC
· replace() function
It helps to replace any word by given your
word
Example:
A="This is python coding"
print(A.replace("coding", " language "))
Output:
This is python language
·
len()
function it is used to find length of given string. Which start from 1.
Example:
A=" Python"
print(len(A))
Output:
6
· index() function
It helps to find index number of any number which start from 0.
Example:
A="Coding"
print(index('C'))
Output:
0
print(index('i))
Output:
3
· split() -split
function helps in to convert string to list.
Let understand by example:
S="this is good"
print(S.split())
Output:
['this','is', 'good']
·
partition()
function -it is used to divide the string in three parts, therefore it's
length always 3.and it will just contain 3 elements.
And it convert into tuple datatype.
It means if you want to any string into
list then you use split() and to convert into tuple datatype then you can use
partition() function but it is not fully correct way.
As sometime same thing you have to convert
into list tuple without changing their index value. So for that you have to use
String to list use list() function
String to tuple use tuple()
Note:Be aware about that function always should be in small
letters.
S="Python is computer language "
print(S.partition('is'))
Output:
('Python's, 'is', 'computer language')
III.List
datatype
List datatype is mutuable datatype. In which
any change we can do in the list. We can change the the elements and we can
access the elements to do more work.
Method To write a elements (number or name)
in the list i.e
[] in square brackets.
L=[1, 3,46,7,100]
This is called list.
Function in list are:
·
max() function -it
is used to find max number from the list.
Example:
L=[4, 7,16,68,53]
print(max(L))
Output:
68
If you want to make a program to find max and minimum from the without using
function you click on below link:
Program
to find maximum and minimum from the list
·
min() function-helps
to find minimum value from the list.
L=[4, 8,0,14,31,6,]
print(min(L))
Output:
0
type() function-to find given statement is which type.
A="aghj"
print(type(A))
Output:
<string>
· index() function-this
function use in string, list, tuple and dictionary datatype, but in dictionary
the element of dictionary we cannot access by index value.
It helps to index number of any element in
list in string, in tuple etc.
L=[6, 79,15,10,86]
print(L.index(6))
Output:
0
print(L.index(86))
Output:
4
L=["ram", "shyam", " Mohan"]
print(L.index("ram"))
Output:
0
I think now you have understood the concept
of index.
·
clear() function-this
function only use in list datatype.
It is used to clear the whole list and the output will be an empty list ([
]).
4.Tuple datatype-
Tuple datatype is also sequential datatype
and it immutuable.
It means we can just find the length of the
tuple, only find the index value of the tuple that's it.
So similarly we can find here also length and
index value element.
Tuple convert into list
Use list() function.
Example:
T=(4, 6,7)
print(list(T))
Output:
[4, 6,7]
Tuple convert into string use str().
T=(6, 5)
print(str(T))
Output:
(6, 5)
V.Dictionary datatype-Dictionary datatype is
unsequential datatype and it contains key and value both separate by colon
sign (:).
Dictionary
is also called mapping datatype.
In dictionary keys are immutable (not
changeable) and it's value are changeable.
How to change value
in dictionary.
Let us understand,
Example:
D={1:56, 2:58, 3:100}
D[2]=90
print(D)
Output:
{1:56, 2:90, 3:100}
·
del () function is
used to delete key and it's value using the index number.
Finally, you have understood all these data type in detail.
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